Electronic control module (ECM).

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Crank position sensor (CKP).

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Manifold absolute pressure sensor (MAP).

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Intake air temperature sensor (IAT).

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Engine temperature sensor (ET).

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Idle air control (IAC).

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Throttle position sensor (TP).

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Vehicle speed sensor (VSS).

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Turn signal module (TSM) or an optional factory-installed

turn signal module with integrated security system.

Depending on destination, the security module consists

of either a turn signal security module (TSSM) or a

hands free security module (HFSM). Each of these modules

include an integrated bank angle sensor (BAS).

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Ignition coil.

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Oxygen sensor (domestic models only)

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Active intake solenoid (HDI only)

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Active exhaust solenoid (HDI only)

The ECM is mounted under the electrical caddie cover (left

side of vehicle). It computes the spark advance for proper

ignition timing based on sensor inputs (from CKP, MAP and

TP sensor) and regulates the low-voltage circuits between

battery and ignition coil.

The ECM contains all of the solid state components used in

the ignition system. The dwell time for the ignition coil is also

calculated in the microprocessor and is dependent upon battery

voltage. The programmed dwell is an added feature to

give adequate spark at all speeds. (The ECM has added protection

against transient voltages, continuous reverse voltage

protection, and damage due to jump starts.) The ECM is fully

enclosed to protect it from vibration, dust, water or oil. This

unit is a non-repairable item. If it fails, it must be replaced.

The crank position sensor (CKP) is located in the front left

side of the crankcase. The CKP generates an AC signal

which is sent to the ECM where it is used to reference engine

position (TDC) and speed. It functions by taking readings off

the 30 teeth on the left side flywheel (two teeth are missing to

establish a reference point).

The MAP sensor is located on top of the intake manifold. The

MAP sensor monitors the intake manifold pressure (vacuum)

and sends the information to the ECM where the module

adjusts the spark and fuel timing advance curve for optimum

performance.

The bank angle sensor is within the TSM/TSSM/HFSM. The

TSM/TSSM/HFSM will shut the engine down if the vehicle is

tipped over. Once the sensor is tripped, the motorcycle must

be uprighted, turned off and then on again before the engine

can be restarted. This is communicated across the data bus.

Front and rear coils fire each spark plug independently (one

cylinder at a time - no wasted spark). The coil also has an

extra terminal to monitor current on the coil secondary circuit.

This is used for knock detection and combustion diagnostics.

The ignition system gives a spark near top dead center for

starting. At RPM and loads above this, the system gives a

spark advance that varies between 0° and 50°.

The IAT, ET, TP and O2 sensors are used to provide information

to the ECM to fine tune spark and fuel delivery. The VSS

is used as an input for idle speed control.

The oxygen sensor (O2, domestic models only) monitors the

exhaust gas for oxygen content. The fuel/air mixture is then

adjusted to maintain a 14.6:1 air/fuel ratio.

O2 sensor diagnostic codes may be seen during the vehicle

break-in period. The O2 sensor diagnostic codes will not illuminate

the check engine lamp for current or historic codes

and will only be indicated by Digital Technician or speedometer

self diagnostics. If the diagnostic codes are reported during

the break-in period, clear or ignore the codes until the

break-in period is completed.

The active intake solenoid (HDI models) opens a valve in the

air cleaner to allow more air to enter at speeds greater than

70 KPH with a throttle opening greater than 50%.

The active exhaust system (HDI models) utilizes an actuator

valve located in the rear exhaust pipe which is connected to

an actuator via a cable. The valve position automatically

adjusts to enhance engine performance.